影響碾米機效果的四個人為因素
碾米機的碾米效果好不好,不光光取決於碾米機本身的性能,還取決於一些人為因素。
1、樣機操作
操cao作zuo者zhe對dui試shi驗yan機ji型xing的de性xing能neng及ji整zheng個ge試shi驗yan程cheng序xu應ying有you全quan麵mian的de了le解jie,對dui各ge性xing能neng指zhi標biao的de處chu置zhi做zuo到dao心xin中zhong有you數shu。試shi驗yan時shi,應ying注zhu意yi掌zhang握wo大da米mi加jia工gong精jing度du的de調tiao節jie,加jia工gong精jing度du的de高gao低di對dui後hou續xu的de多duo項xiang指zhi標biao均jun產chan生sheng影ying響xiang。 操(cao)作(zuo)者(zhe)在(zai)操(cao)作(zuo)米(mi)機(ji)時(shi)必(bi)須(xu)將(jiang)加(jia)工(gong)精(jing)度(du)與(yu)其(qi)他(ta)指(zhi)標(biao)合(he)理(li)兼(jian)顧(gu),選(xuan)擇(ze)合(he)適(shi)的(de)碾(nian)白(bai)壓(ya)力(li)。其(qi)次(ci),要(yao)控(kong)製(zhi)合(he)適(shi)的(de)進(jin)機(ji)流(liu)量(liang),流(liu)量(liang)過(guo)大(da)可(ke)增(zeng)加(jia)米(mi)粒(li)流(liu)體(ti)在(zai)碾(nian)白(bai)室(shi)內(nei)密(mi)度(du),使(shi)碾(nian)白(bai)室(shi)的(de)壓(ya)力(li)增(zeng)高(gao),增(zeng)加(jia)碎(sui)米(mi)、排pai糠kang量liang增zeng大da,易yi造zao成cheng堵du塞sai。但dan流liu量liang過guo小xiao,米mi粒li流liu體ti在zai碾nian白bai室shi內nei密mi度du過guo小xiao,不bu能neng形xing成cheng理li想xiang磨mo削xue碾nian白bai作zuo用yong,且qie受shou衝chong擊ji作zuo用yong加jia劇ju,產chan生sheng碾nian白bai不bu勻yun,碎sui米mi增zeng加jia。此ci外wai,米mi刀dao間jian隙xi的de大da小xiao及ji米mi輥gun、米篩新舊的狀況對成品米的加工精度均產生影響。
2、儀器使用
碾nian米mi機ji檢jian測ce或huo試shi驗yan所suo用yong儀yi器qi設she備bei必bi須xu先xian經jing具ju有you資zi質zhi的de法fa定ding計ji量liang部bu門men檢jian定ding,並bing保bao證zheng其qi在zai使shi用yong的de有you效xiao期qi內nei,操cao作zuo者zhe應ying做zuo到dao正zheng確que熟shu練lian掌zhang握wo。儀yi器qi設she備bei經jing法fa定ding計ji量liang部bu門men檢jian定ding後hou有you誤wu差cha修xiu正zheng值zhi的de,試shi驗yan數shu據ju采cai集ji後hou應ying對dui照zhao相xiang應ying的de修xiu正zheng值zhi進jin行xing修xiu正zheng,而er這zhe點dian往wang往wang在zai實shi際ji工gong作zuo中zhong被bei忽hu略lve。數shu據ju讀du取qu要yao避bi免mian操cao作zuo人ren員yuan的de不bu嚴yan謹jin現xian象xiang。如ru噪zao聲sheng的de測ce定ding,操cao作zuo者zhe身shen體ti對dui聲sheng源yuan的de反fan射she可ke能neng引yin起qi的de測ce試shi值zhi誤wu差cha,為wei減jian少shao此ci種zhong影ying響xiang,可ke將jiang聲sheng級ji計ji固gu定ding在zai三san角jiao架jia上shang,操cao作zuo人ren員yuan離li開kai聲sheng級ji計ji一yi段duan距ju離li再zai讀du取qu數shu據ju。在zai米mi機ji軸zhou承cheng及ji成cheng品pin溫wen度du的de測ce量liang方fang麵mian,按an照zhao規gui定dingJB/T9792.3-1999每次試驗時間不少於1小xiao時shi,由you於yu考kao慮lv節jie約yue試shi驗yan成cheng本ben,試shi驗yan中zhong樣yang機ji工gong作zuo時shi間jian可ke能neng過guo短duan,不bu足zu以yi使shi機ji器qi工gong作zuo溫wen度du上shang升sheng到dao恒heng定ding階jie段duan,此ci時shi所suo采cai集ji的de溫wen度du數shu據ju則ze不bu能neng反fan映ying真zhen實shi的de情qing況kuang。
3、成品米取樣
成品米取樣必須在加工精度符合要求並穩定進入正常試驗流程中進行。JB/T9792.1-1999 DB43/T248-2008 規定的大米加工精度分別為一級、二er級ji。判pan定ding加jia工gong精jing度du的de方fang法fa有you比bi較jiao法fa和he染ran色se法fa,采cai用yong比bi較jiao法fa較jiao為wei簡jian便bian。應ying注zhu意yi的de是shi,正zheng常chang試shi驗yan階jie段duan不bu可ke再zai隨sui意yi調tiao節jie樣yang機ji,以yi免mian引yin起qi加jia工gong精jing度du不bu穩wen定ding而er導dao致zhi其qi它ta指zhi標biao變bian化hua。
4、樣品檢驗
成品米及原糧的檢驗過程中,人為的因素對試驗結果的影響是客觀存在的。如對整米與碎米的判定,按GB 1354-2009 規定,米粒長度大於或等於同批試樣米粒平均長度3/4的de為wei整zheng米mi。實shi際ji操cao作zuo中zhong存cun在zai各ge檢jian驗yan員yuan掌zhang握wo尺chi度du的de差cha異yi。此ci外wai,還hai有you一yi種zhong情qing況kuang是shi,當dang原yuan糧liang中zhong長chang短duan穀gu粒li存cun在zai不bu同tong程cheng度du的de混hun雜za時shi,對dui於yu短duan粒li形xing的de完wan整zheng米mi粒li若ruo按an照zhao該gai批pi樣yang品pin米mi粒li平ping均jun長chang度du為wei參can照zhao,則ze其qi長chang度du未wei達da到dao3/4而定為碎米,顯然是不合理的。



