自動數粒儀的工作原理
zhongzizhiliangdehaohuaihuizhijieyingxiangguanxizuowuchanlianghezhiliang,suoyizainongyeyanjiulingyu,changchangxuyaoduizhongzidepinzhijinxingjianyanheyanjiu,erqizhongyigezhongyaodezhibiaojiushilizhong,erlizhongyeshigouchengchanliangdezhongyaoyinsuzhiyi,shijianbieliangzhongfengchanxingnengdeyigezhibiao,bixujinxingqianlizhongdeceding。yiwanghenchangyiduanshijianli,doushicaiyongrengongshuqianli,bujinfeishifeigong,erqieyerongyiyinweirenyuanpilaodengyuanyinerzaochengwuchahuochacuo,daozhicedingshujubuzhunque,suoyichangqiyilai,kejirenyuanpoqieyaoqiutigaogongxiao,gaijinkaozhongzhongdeshuliwenti,yishiyingnongyekexueyanjiuduipinzhongxuanyudenggongzuoliangrijianzengdadexuyao。suoyizaizhezhonghuanjingxia,自動數粒儀也就應運而生。
自動數粒儀可對各種主要糧食作物,如稻、麥、高粱玉米等顆粒進行自動計數,在農科院(所)農業大專院校、種子係統,糧食部門中、考察種子指標,測量千粒重有廣泛應用。
電子自動數粒儀是自動數粒儀中的一種,也可以稱為光電自動數粒儀,它的工作原理是:
電磁振動盒使種子逐粒排隊送料,落入光電轉換槽後形成光電脈動,經放大整形倒相後送入計數電路,以LED數(shu)碼(ma)管(guan)顯(xian)示(shi)讀(du)數(shu)。預(yu)置(zhi)用(yong)拔(ba)盤(pan)開(kai)關(guan),當(dang)計(ji)數(shu)到(dao)預(yu)置(zhi)數(shu)後(hou),停(ting)止(zhi)送(song)料(liao),停(ting)止(zhi)記(ji)數(shu)。儀(yi)器(qi)設(she)有(you)自(zi)校(xiao)頻(pin)率(lv),便(bian)於(yu)檢(jian)查(zha)計(ji)數(shu)電(dian)路(lu)及(ji)預(yu)置(zhi)的(de)正(zheng)確(que)性(xing)。
(1)電磁振動送料裝置:種子放在料盤上,料槽成螺旋形。
(2)在zai螺luo旋xuan槽cao上shang升sheng的de種zhong子zi,到dao達da落luo料liao口kou落luo下xia,通tong過guo光guang電dian轉zhuan換huan區qu投tou影ying到dao矽gui光guang電dian池chi上shang產chan生sheng電dian流liu變bian化hua,經jing脈mai動dong放fang大da整zheng形xing後hou得de到dao光guang電dian計ji數shu脈mai動dong,送song入ru計ji數shu電dian路lu計ji數shu顯xian示shi。
(3)光電自動數粒儀計數顯示電路采用CC4518(菲利蒲公司HEF4518)雙BCD加計數器,並以CC4511(HEF4511)BCD-7段鎖存/譯碼/驅動器,譯碼後驅動共負極LED發光數碼管顯示,四位數的LED輸入端串入限流電阻,使筆劃亮度均勻。CC4518計數輸入端有時鍾端(CL),時鍾允許端(EN)和複位端“R”,個位數時EN=“1”(高壓平)計數脈動由“CL”輸入,正跳變觸發,後麵三位均是CL=“0”(低電平)由EN輸入,負跳變觸發。
(4)yuzhizitingdianludekongzhixinhaoyoukaiguanerjiguan,zhilunbapankaiguanyusishuruduandeyufeimenlianjie,dangbapanyuzhishuyujishushuzixiangfushi,jidianqixihe,congerqieduanjishushuru,shijishushuruduanjiedi,tingzhisongliao,LED顯示出預置數字。
應用自動數粒儀進行千粒重的測定,大大提高了工作效率和準確率,在農業科學研究上,方便了育種工作的開展,有比較重要的作用。



