yundongdanbaijiyinjiedaodekangxingjinxienianyoujiaokuaidefazhan。kangxingbiaoxianweibingduzaishouqinrandezhiwuzhongyundongjianhuan
，danyundongdanbaidejiyinjiedaodekangxingshiguangpuxingde。zhuanjiyinzhiwuduixiangjindebingdushenzhiwanquanbuxiangguandebingdudoubiaoxiankangxing。biaodaquexiantubiandeyundongdanbaijiyindezhuanjiyinyancaoduiyixieyancaohuayebingdushudebingdudouyoukangxing，tongshi，duiyancaocuiliebingdu
、煙草環斑病毒、苜薯花葉病毒、花生褪綠條紋病毒、黃瓜花葉病毒等都表現抗性。相反，表達野生型的運動蛋白基因的煙草表現出症狀顯現快、嚴重程度提高和病毒積累量大。

這zhe方fang麵mian的de研yan究jiu雖sui然ran剛gang剛gang起qi步bu
，但dan現xian已yi有you一yi些xie報bao道dao，如ru應ying用yong一yi些xie新xin奇qi的de基ji因yin來lai使shi植zhi物wu獲huo得de抗kang病bing毒du特te性xing的de技ji術shu，這zhe些xie基ji因yin包bao括kuo編bian碼ma抗kang體ti的de基ji因yin、編bian碼ma抗kang病bing毒du蛋dan白bai的de基ji因yin和he正zheng常chang病bing毒du複fu製zhi循xun環huan中zhong寄ji主zhu的de基ji因yin。關guan研yan究jiu結jie果guo表biao明ming，主zhu要yao存cun在zai於yu細xi胞bao間jian的de汁zhi液ye中zhong，主zhu要yao在zai病bing毒du侵qin染ran的de早zao期qi起qi抗kang性xing作zuo用yong。由you於yu以yi前qian使shi植zhi物wu獲huo得de抗kang病bing毒du特te性xing的de方fang法fa都dou是shi特te異yi性xing的de，因yin而er要yao使shi植zhi物wu獲huo得de對dui多duo種zhong病bing毒du的de抗kang性xing，就jiu必bi須xu導dao入ru多duo種zhong基ji因yin，而er今jin應ying用yong導dao入ru基ji因yin技ji術shu的de優you點dian，就jiu在zai於yu不bu必bi導dao入ru其qi他ta多duo種zhong基ji因yin就jiu能neng使shi植zhi物wu獲huo得de廣guang譜pu的de抗kang病bing毒du特te性xing。

雖sui然ran人ren們men對dui來lai源yuan於yu病bing毒du基ji因yin的de轉zhuan基ji因yin研yan究jiu遠yuan比bi非fei病bing毒du基ji因yin抗kang性xing研yan究jiu多duo得de多duo，但dan對dui前qian者zhe的de機ji製zhi的de闡chan明ming卻que遠yuan遠yuan落luo後hou於yu後hou者zhe。顯xian性xing負fu效xiao應ying基ji因yin，是shi指zhi與yu野ye生sheng類lei型xing同tong源yuan但dan有you缺que陷xian且qie具ju有you顯xian性xing效xiao應ying的de基ji因yin。例li如ru，一yi種zhong解jie釋shi是shi編bian碼ma有you缺que陷xian複fu製zhi酶mei亞ya基ji的de病bing毒du能neng與yu寄ji主zhu因yin子zi互hu作zuo而er裝zhuang配pei有you缺que陷xian的de複fu製zhi酶mei，這zhe種zhong複fu製zhi酶mei不bu能neng完wan成cheng正zheng常chang病bing毒du的de複fu製zhi。自zi從cong這zhe種zhong缺que陷xian基ji因yin在zai病bing毒du侵qin染ran前qian表biao達da以yi後hou，它ta基ji本ben預yu先xian占zhan領ling所suo有you可ke得de到dao的de寄ji主zhu因yin子zi，使shi得de這zhe些xie寄ji主zhu因yin子zi遠yuan離li野ye生sheng型xing

、有完全功能的病毒蛋白。

另一種解釋就是，在病毒複製過程中，或病毒 從cong細xi胞bao到dao細xi胞bao的de運yun動dong過guo程cheng中zhong，缺que陷xian病bing毒du蛋dan白bai能neng與yu野ye生sheng病bing毒du蛋dan白bai競jing爭zheng病bing毒du模mo板ban。這zhe種zhong機ji製zhi能neng解jie釋shi缺que陷xian複fu製zhi酶mei基ji因yin和he運yun動dong蛋dan白bai基ji因yin所suo介jie導dao的de轉zhuan基ji因yin植zhi物wu的de抗kang性xing。總zong之zhi
，自zi從cong20世紀60年(nian)代(dai)後(hou)期(qi)轉(zhuan)基(ji)因(yin)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)應(ying)用(yong)以(yi)來(lai)，抗(kang)病(bing)毒(du)基(ji)因(yin)工(gong)程(cheng)得(de)到(dao)了(le)迅(xun)速(su)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，抗(kang)病(bing)毒(du)育(yu)種(zhong)進(jin)入(ru)了(le)一(yi)個(ge)全(quan)新(xin)的(de)時(shi)代(dai)，病(bing)毒(du)基(ji)因(yin)介(jie)導(dao)的(de)抗(kang)性(xing)機(ji)製(zhi)研(yan)究(jiu)也(ye)開(kai)始(shi)有(you)了(le)新(xin)的(de)突(tu)破(po)。植(zhi)物(wu)進(jin)化(hua)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)可(ke)能(neng)形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)多(duo)種(zhong)抵(di)抗(kang)外(wai)來(lai)病(bing)原(yuan)物(wu)的(de)機(ji)製(zhi)，特(te)別(bie)是(shi)介(jie)導(dao)的(de)基(ji)因(yin)沉(chen)默(mo)機(ji)製(zhi)可(ke)能(neng)發(fa)揮(hui)很(hen)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。實(shi)踐(jian)證(zheng)明(ming)，通(tong)過(guo)構(gou)建(jian)可(ke)形(xing)成(cheng)雙(shuang)鏈(lian)789的表達載體
，可有效地沉默具有轉基因共同序列的病毒的複製，這將大大加快抗病毒基因工程育種的進程。中國糧油儀器網  http://www.98fo.cn/