優化大麥蟲蛋白質的方法總結
danbaizhishigouchengshengwudezuijibendewuzhi,danbaizhiziyuandekuifashiwomenmuqianmianlindebijiaoyanzhongdewenti,ranerkunchongdedanbaishiwomenxuyaodedanbaizhongpinzhibijiaohaode,yijingshoudaoledajiadeguangfanguanzhu。womenshiyong蛋白質測定儀對dui其qi含han量liang進jin行xing檢jian測ce,並bing且qie分fen析xi其qi中zhong的de營ying養yang成cheng分fen。我wo們men通tong過guo分fen析xi發fa現xian,昆kun蟲chong蛋dan白bai富fu含han人ren體ti所suo需xu要yao的de各ge種zhong氨an基ji酸suan,尤you其qi是shi含han不bu能neng合he成cheng的de賴lai氨an酸suan、蘇氨酸、蛋dan氨an酸suan等deng,營ying養yang價jia值zhi極ji高gao,且qie極ji易yi被bei人ren體ti吸xi收shou。因yin此ci,利li用yong昆kun蟲chong開kai發fa蛋dan白bai粉fen及ji氨an基ji酸suan產chan品pin,可ke以yi滿man足zu需xu補bu充chong高gao品pin質zhi蛋dan白bai或huo氨an基ji酸suan的de特te定ding人ren群qun的de需xu要yao,同tong時shi也ye可ke能neng成cheng為wei重zhong要yao的de蛋dan白bai質zhi來lai源yuan。在zai昆kun蟲chong蛋dan白bai提ti取qu方fang麵mian,目mu前qian許xu多duo科ke學xue研yan究jiu者zhe主zhu要yao以yi黃huang粉fen蟲chong和he螞ma蟻yi為wei原yuan料liao,不bu斷duan研yan究jiu其qi蛋dan白bai質zhi的de提ti取qu工gong藝yi。
suirandamaichongyechangzuoweishiyancailiao,danqiyanjiuzhuyaojizhongzairengongfanyujishuhedanbaizhidekangyanghuaxingdengfangmian,xitongdedanbaitiqugongyihaishangweiyourenyanjiu。benyanjiuyidamaichongtuozhiyongfenweiyuanliao,caiyongjianyetiqudamaichongdanbai,tongguodanyinsushiyanchubuquedinggeyingxiangyinzi,shejizhengjiaoyouhuashiyan,dedaoledamaichongtuozhiyongfenzhongdanbaizhidezuijiatiqugongyitiaojian,zhizaiweijinhoudamaichongdanbaiziyuandeyanjiukaifatigongkexingxingyiju。
隨著堿液質量濃度的升高,蛋白質的提取效果增強,堿液質量濃度達到1.0g/100mL時, 蛋白質提取率達到最大,隨著堿液質量濃度的繼續增大, 可ke以yi使shi蛋dan白bai質zhi中zhong的de氫qing鍵jian斷duan裂lie,也ye可ke以yi使shi蛋dan白bai質zhi內nei部bu的de可ke離li解jie基ji團tuan受shou強qiang烈lie的de靜jing電dian排pai斥chi作zuo用yong而er使shi分fen子zi伸shen展zhan而er使shi得de蛋dan白bai質zhi發fa生sheng變bian性xing,從cong而er導dao致zhi蛋dan白bai質zhi提ti取qu率lv降jiang低di。另ling外wai,蛋dan白bai質zhi暴bao露lu在zai強qiang堿jian環huan境jing中zhong會hui改gai變bian其qi營ying養yang功gong能neng並bing會hui產chan生sheng有you毒du副fu產chan物wu。蛋dan白bai質zhi提ti取qu率lv不bu斷duan升sheng高gao,料liao液ye比bi達da到dao1:10時,蛋白質提取率達到最大。當提取液用量繼續升高時,蛋白質提取率基本趨於穩定,略有下降。
在蛋白質的提取過程中,若提取液用量太少,蛋白質不能被完全溶解出來,提取率偏低;若(ruo)提(ti)取(qu)液(ye)用(yong)量(liang)過(guo)多(duo),在(zai)酸(suan)沉(chen)階(jie)段(duan)蛋(dan)白(bai)質(zhi)損(sun)失(shi)量(liang)增(zeng)加(jia),使(shi)蛋(dan)白(bai)質(zhi)提(ti)取(qu)率(lv)下(xia)降(jiang),並(bing)會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)原(yuan)料(liao)浪(lang)費(fei),增(zeng)加(jia)了(le)食(shi)品(pin)工(gong)業(ye)的(de)成(cheng)本(ben)。隨(sui)著(zhe)提(ti)取(qu)溫(wen)度(du)的(de)升(sheng)高(gao),蛋(dan)白(bai)質(zhi)提(ti)取(qu)率(lv)稍(shao)有(you)增(zeng)加(jia)。當(dang)提(ti)取(qu)溫(wen)度(du)達(da)到(dao)60℃shi,danbaizhitiqulvweizuigao。yinweiwendushenggao,fenziyundongsudujiakuai,danbaizhijiaorongyicongyuanliaozhongrongjiechulai,danwendubushiyuegaoyuehao,gaowenhuishidanbaizhibianxing,zhijieyingxiangchanpinzhiliang。suizhetiqushijiandeyanchang,danbaizhitiqulvxianzengjiahoujianxiao。dangtiqushijiandadao2h時(shi),蛋(dan)白(bai)質(zhi)提(ti)取(qu)率(lv)為(wei)最(zui)高(gao)。因(yin)為(wei)提(ti)取(qu)時(shi)間(jian)過(guo)短(duan),蛋(dan)白(bai)質(zhi)還(hai)沒(mei)有(you)完(wan)全(quan)從(cong)原(yuan)料(liao)中(zhong)溶(rong)解(jie)出(chu)來(lai)。隨(sui)著(zhe)提(ti)取(qu)時(shi)間(jian)的(de)延(yan)長(chang),提(ti)取(qu)溶(rong)劑(ji)逐(zhu)漸(jian)揮(hui)發(fa),料(liao)液(ye)比(bi)會(hui)隨(sui)之(zhi)減(jian)小(xiao),使(shi)蛋(dan)白(bai)質(zhi)提(ti)取(qu)降(jiang)低(di),並(bing)會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)蛋(dan)白(bai)質(zhi)變(bian)質(zhi)。
所得產品蛋白純度偏低的原因可能是含有核酸、多糖等雜質,如何除雜以提高大麥蟲蛋白的純度是今後需要進一步研究的工作。此外,影響大麥蟲蛋白質提取的因素還有沉澱溫度、沉澱時間、原料的破碎程度、原料中殘餘脂肪的含量等,這些因素對大麥蟲蛋白質提取率的具體影響還有待於進一步深入研究。中國糧油儀器網 http://www.98fo.cn/



