如何收獲、留種和貯藏花生
適期收獲 留種用的花生要比鮮食用的花生適當推遲收獲。適期收獲的花生,果殼內膜呈白色,種子生活力強;zhizhudingduanyitingzhishengchang,shangbuyepianfahuang,zhongxiabuyepiantuoluo,jingyebianhuangqiechuxianbuguizedechangtiaoheiban,zheshipaochudejiaguoduoshuwangwenmingxian,zirenbaoman。yibanxianshouzaoshupinzhonghejibodikuai,chishouwanshupinzhongheshuifeichongzudikuai。turangshirunshishouhuodebiganzaoshishouhuodejiaguofayalvgao。
精選留種 摘果時要除去雜劣,把死株的莢果,已發芽的莢果、掉蒂的莢果以及嫩果都要除去,這些果多是秕果和死胚果,它既不能發芽又易黴爛,不能作種用。
曬種 剛收獲的花生果含水量一般在45%―50%,水(shui)分(fen)太(tai)高(gao)。為(wei)了(le)確(que)保(bao)花(hua)生(sheng)種(zhong)的(de)品(pin)質(zhi)和(he)安(an)全(quan)貯(zhu)藏(zang),收(shou)獲(huo)後(hou)應(ying)帶(dai)秧(yang)倒(dao)置(zhi)在(zai)田(tian)間(jian)晾(liang)曬(shai),再(zai)運(yun)回(hui)曬(shai)場(chang)摘(zhai)選(xuan)莢(jia)果(guo)繼(ji)續(xu)曬(shai)。曬(shai)種(zhong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)要(yao)防(fang)雨(yu)淋(lin),防(fang)發(fa)熱(re)。發(fa)熱(re)的(de)種(zhong)子(zi)不(bu)能(neng)發(fa)芽(ya),如(ru)果(guo)曬(shai)種(zhong)時(shi)遇(yu)到(dao)下(xia)雨(yu),千(qian)萬(wan)不(bu)可(ke)把(ba)莢(jia)果(guo)堆(dui)成(cheng)大(da)堆(dui)或(huo)裝(zhuang)入(ru)筐(kuang)袋(dai)內(nei),這(zhe)樣(yang)會(hui)使(shi)種(zhong)子(zi)發(fa)熱(re)。正(zheng)確(que)的(de)做(zuo)法(fa)是(shi),將(jiang)花(hua)生(sheng)薄(bo)薄(bo)地(di)攤(tan)在(zai)屋(wu)內(nei)地(di)上(shang)晾(liang)起(qi)來(lai),讓(rang)水(shui)分(fen)慢(man)慢(man)散(san)失(shi)。曬(shai)種(zhong)時(shi)應(ying)做(zuo)到(dao)勤(qin)翻(fan)場(chang),當(dang)搖(yao)動(dong)莢(jia)果(guo)內(nei)有(you)響(xiang)聲(sheng),牙(ya)咬(yao)莢(jia)果(guo)發(fa)脆(cui)時(shi),再(zai)翻(fan)曬(shai)一(yi)天(tian),剝(bo)開(kai)果(guo)殼(ke),用(yong)牙(ya)咬(yao)果(guo)仁(ren)也(ye)發(fa)脆(cui),手(shou)搓(cuo)種(zhong)皮(pi)易(yi)脫(tuo)掉(diao)時(shi),方(fang)可(ke)貯(zhu)藏(zang)起(qi)來(lai),此(ci)時(shi)種(zhong)仁(ren)含(han)水(shui)量(liang)一(yi)般(ban)在(zai)百(bai)分(fen)之(zhi)10左右。
貯藏 zhuzangzhongyonghuasheng,caiyongganjingdegangzuiweilixiang。zhuangzhongqianxianbagangfangzaidimianshang,gangxiadianzhuan。xianzaigangneisayicenggancaomuhui,ranhoubagangshaihaodejiaguodaoru,guo6小時後,再在花生種上麵撒一層約10厘米厚的幹草木灰,然後封好缸蓋即可。



