夏糧收獲近八成 豐收已成定局
截至6月12ri,quanguoxialiangshouhuojinbacheng。junongyenongcunbunongqingtiaoduhezhuanjiashiditiaozhafenxi,jinnianxialiangshixianhuifuxingzengchan,xiashouyoucaiziyechengzengchanqushi,youshiyigefengshounian。nongyenongcunbubuchanghanchangfubiaoshi,xialiangshouzhangaojieweiquannianliangshifengshoudiandingjichu,youliyubaogonggei、穩物價、惠民生、增信心,“任憑風浪起,我有壓艙石”,農業穩定、糧食安全,我們的經濟社會發展就有了基礎支撐,應對國際上的風險和挑戰,我們就有底氣。
從產量的構成指標看:一是麵積穩定。預計夏糧麵積4億畝,基本保持穩定。二是單產提高。夏糧的主體是小麥。據專家田間調查,今年小麥產量 “三因素”均呈增加態勢,預計平均畝穗數37.36萬,比上年增加0.48萬;平均穗粒數31.40粒,增加0.33粒;平均千粒重39.42克左右,增加0.32克,預計畝產提高10公斤。
據(ju)介(jie)紹(shao),今(jin)年(nian)夏(xia)糧(liang)獲(huo)得(de)好(hao)收(shou)成(cheng),是(shi)多(duo)種(zhong)因(yin)素(su)共(gong)同(tong)作(zuo)用(yong)的(de)結(jie)果(guo)。首(shou)先(xian)是(shi)政(zheng)策(ce)托(tuo)底(di)穩(wen)麵(mian)積(ji),今(jin)年(nian)繼(ji)續(xu)實(shi)施(shi)小(xiao)麥(mai)最(zui)低(di)收(shou)購(gou)價(jia)政(zheng)策(ce),托(tuo)底(di)作(zuo)用(yong)明(ming)顯(xian),小(xiao)麥(mai)市(shi)場(chang)價(jia)格(ge)基(ji)本(ben)穩(wen)定(ding),保(bao)護(hu)了(le)農(nong)民(min)種(zhong)糧(liang)積(ji)極(ji)性(xing)。強(qiang)化(hua)糧(liang)食(shi)安(an)全(quan)省(sheng)長(chang)責(ze)任(ren)製(zhi)考(kao)核(he)、實(shi)施(shi)產(chan)糧(liang)大(da)縣(xian)獎(jiang)勵(li)等(deng)政(zheng)策(ce),有(you)效(xiao)調(tiao)動(dong)了(le)地(di)方(fang)政(zheng)府(fu)重(zhong)農(nong)抓(zhua)糧(liang)積(ji)極(ji)性(xing),也(ye)為(wei)穩(wen)定(ding)小(xiao)麥(mai)麵(mian)積(ji)發(fa)揮(hui)了(le)重(zhong)要(yao)作(zuo)用(yong)。其(qi)次(ci),科(ke)技(ji)支(zhi)撐(cheng)提(ti)單(dan)產(chan)。各(ge)地(di)以(yi)綠(lv)色(se)高(gao)質(zhi)高(gao)效(xiao)行(xing)動(dong)為(wei)抓(zhua)手(shou),大(da)力(li)推(tui)廣(guang)小(xiao)麥(mai)深(shen)耕(geng)深(shen)鬆(song)、播後鎮壓等穩產增產技術,示範帶動大麵積均衡增產。去年秋冬種小麥播後鎮壓麵積同比增加630多萬畝,深耕深鬆麵積增加380多duo萬wan畝mu。第di三san個ge因yin素su是shi防fang災zai抗kang災zai減jian損sun失shi,針zhen對dui北bei方fang麥mai區qu局ju部bu冬dong春chun連lian旱han,大da力li推tui進jin科ke學xue抗kang旱han,有you效xiao減jian輕qing災zai害hai影ying響xiang。特te別bie是shi黃huang淮huai和he江jiang淮huai麥mai區qu小xiao麥mai病bing蟲chong害hai防fang控kong及ji時shi,成cheng效xiao顯xian著zhe。今jin年nian小xiao麥mai赤chi黴mei病bing防fang控kong麵mian積ji3.2億畝次、同比增加28%,發病麵積1730多萬畝、同比減少68%。此外,氣象條件總體有利。今年小麥生育期主產區大部光溫水匹配較好,冬季凍害和初春“倒春寒”偏輕,播種、返青、拔節孕穗期都及時出現有效降水,專家講“麥收八、十、三場雨”,農曆去年八月、十月和今年三月都下了及時雨,利於小麥生長發育和產量形成。
今年夏糧生產有三個顯著特點:一是區域結構優化。江淮赤黴病高發區通過休耕和輪作調減冬小麥200多萬畝,河北黑龍港地下水超采區和西南條鏽病菌源區分別調減60多萬畝。二是品質結構優化。預計全國優質強筋弱筋小麥麵積占比33%,比上年提高3個百分點。其中,河南優質麥規模種植麵積1200多萬畝,比上年增加360萬畝。三是綠色生產技術加快推廣。全國小麥播種藥劑拌種、種子包衣等節藥技術推廣比例87%,比上年提高2個百分點。今年河北節水小麥品種統一供種麵積530多萬畝,全省節水小麥品種推廣麵積達到60%左右。
當前,正值“三夏”大da忙mang時shi節jie。農nong業ye農nong村cun部bu將jiang認ren真zhen貫guan徹che中zhong央yang決jue策ce部bu署shu,以yi實shi施shi鄉xiang村cun振zhen興xing戰zhan略lve為wei抓zhua手shou,緊jin緊jin圍wei繞rao推tui進jin農nong業ye供gong給gei側ce結jie構gou性xing改gai革ge這zhe一yi主zhu線xian,堅jian定ding穩wen住zhu糧liang食shi生sheng產chan目mu標biao不bu動dong搖yao,立li足zu抗kang災zai奪duo豐feng收shou,加jia強qiang指zhi導dao服fu務wu,落luo實shi關guan鍵jian技ji術shu,全quan力li抓zhua好hao夏xia收shou、夏種、夏xia管guan。精jing心xin組zu織zhi跨kua區qu機ji收shou,根gen據ju小xiao麥mai成cheng熟shu進jin度du,製zhi定ding跨kua區qu機ji收shou計ji劃hua,搞gao好hao機ji具ju調tiao度du,提ti高gao機ji收shou效xiao率lv,實shi現xian顆ke粒li歸gui倉cang。切qie實shi抓zhua好hao夏xia種zhong夏xia管guan,及ji早zao做zuo好hao夏xia播bo物wu資zi和he技ji術shu準zhun備bei,發fa揮hui農nong機ji作zuo用yong,加jia快kuai播bo種zhong進jin度du,擴kuo大da適shi播bo麵mian積ji,提ti高gao播bo種zhong質zhi量liang。指zhi導dao黃huang淮huai海hai地di區qu落luo實shi玉yu米mi大da豆dou(花生)輪(lun)作(zuo)任(ren)務(wu)。紮(zha)實(shi)推(tui)進(jin)防(fang)災(zai)減(jian)災(zai),密(mi)切(qie)關(guan)注(zhu)天(tian)氣(qi)變(bian)化(hua),及(ji)時(shi)發(fa)布(bu)預(yu)警(jing)信(xin)息(xi),狠(hen)抓(zhua)防(fang)災(zai)減(jian)災(zai)措(cuo)施(shi)落(luo)實(shi),加(jia)強(qiang)災(zai)情(qing)調(tiao)度(du),強(qiang)化(hua)指(zhi)導(dao)服(fu)務(wu),切(qie)實(shi)做(zuo)好(hao)旱(han)澇(lao)災(zai)害(hai)防(fang)禦(yu)工(gong)作(zuo),努(nu)力(li)減(jian)輕(qing)災(zai)害(hai)損(sun)失(shi)。積(ji)極(ji)防(fang)控(kong)病(bing)蟲(chong)危(wei)害(hai),加(jia)強(qiang)病(bing)蟲(chong)監(jian)測(ce)防(fang)控(kong),特(te)別(bie)是(shi)及(ji)時(shi)落(luo)實(shi)草(cao)地(di)貪(tan)夜(ye)蛾(e)等(deng)重(zhong)大(da)病(bing)蟲(chong)應(ying)急(ji)防(fang)治(zhi)、統防統治、聯防聯控措施,已發生區域做到應防盡防,未發生區域加強監測、做好防控準備,堅決把危害損失降到最低。



