通過葉綠素測定儀確定玉米氮肥施用量
氮素是植物生長必需的肥料之一,植株缺氮往往會表現出發育遲緩、葉(ye)片(pian)變(bian)黃(huang)等(deng)特(te)征(zheng)。就(jiu)拿(na)玉(yu)米(mi)來(lai)說(shuo),玉(yu)米(mi)缺(que)氮(dan)時(shi),幼(you)苗(miao)瘦(shou)弱(ruo)。葉(ye)片(pian)呈(cheng)黃(huang)綠(lv)色(se),植(zhi)株(zhu)矮(ai)小(xiao)。氮(dan)是(shi)可(ke)移(yi)動(dong)元(yuan)素(su),所(suo)以(yi)葉(ye)片(pian)發(fa)黃(huang)從(cong)植(zhi)株(zhu)下(xia)部(bu)的(de)老(lao)葉(ye)片(pian)開(kai)始(shi),首(shou)先(xian)葉(ye)尖(jian)發(fa)黃(huang),逐(zhu)漸(jian)沿(yan)中(zhong)脈(mai)擴(kuo)展(zhan)呈(cheng)楔(xie)形(xing),當(dang)整(zheng)個(ge)葉(ye)片(pian)都(dou)褪(tui)綠(lv)變(bian)黃(huang)後(hou),葉(ye)鞘(qiao)將(jiang)變(bian)成(cheng)紅(hong)色(se),不(bu)久(jiu)整(zheng)個(ge)葉(ye)片(pian)變(bian)成(cheng)黃(huang)褐(he)色(se)而(er)枯(ku)死(si)。因(yin)此(ci),合(he)理(li)施(shi)加(jia)氮(dan)肥(fei)就(jiu)顯(xian)得(de)比(bi)較(jiao)重(zhong)要(yao)。通(tong)過(guo)葉綠素測定儀測ce量liang玉yu米mi葉ye片pian中zhong葉ye綠lv素su含han量liang,了le解jie玉yu米mi對dui於yu氮dan肥fei的de需xu求qiu,從cong而er合he理li施shi加jia氮dan肥fei,提ti高gao氮dan的de利li用yong率lv,幫bang助zhu玉yu米mi生sheng長chang,也ye能neng對dui環huan境jing起qi到dao保bao護hu作zuo用yong。

科(ke)研(yan)人(ren)員(yuan)利(li)用(yong)葉(ye)綠(lv)素(su)測(ce)定(ding)儀(yi)進(jin)行(xing)相(xiang)關(guan)測(ce)定(ding)的(de)目(mu)的(de)是(shi)為(wei)確(que)定(ding)玉(yu)米(mi)葉(ye)綠(lv)素(su)是(shi)否(fou)與(yu)相(xiang)對(dui)籽(zi)粒(li)產(chan)量(liang)和(he)土(tu)壤(rang)供(gong)氮(dan)容(rong)量(liang)有(you)關(guan),同(tong)時(shi)判(pan)斷(duan)葉(ye)綠(lv)素(su)測(ce)定(ding)儀(yi)的(de)測(ce)量(liang)結(jie)果(guo)是(shi)否(fou)適(shi)合(he)用(yong)於(yu)氮(dan)肥(fei)使(shi)用(yong)。除(chu)了(le)氮(dan)有(you)效(xiao)性(xing)外(wai)的(de)其(qi)它(ta)試(shi)驗(yan)點(dian)因(yin)素(su)可(ke)能(neng)影(ying)響(xiang)利(li)用(yong)葉(ye)綠(lv)素(su)測(ce)定(ding)儀(yi)測(ce)試(shi)的(de)植(zhi)物(wu)缺(que)氮(dan)的(de)準(zhun)確(que)度(du)。由(you)其(qi)它(ta)營(ying)養(yang)缺(que)乏(fa)或(huo)病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)損(sun)傷(shang)或(huo)低(di)溫(wen)造(zao)成(cheng)的(de)脅(xie)迫(po)會(hui)降(jiang)低(di)葉(ye)片(pian)中(zhong)葉(ye)綠(lv)素(su)含(han)量(liang)。采(cai)樣(yang)之(zhi)前(qian)田(tian)間(jian)施(shi)人(ren)氮(dan)肥(fei)或(huo)種(zhong)植(zhi)時(shi)種(zhong)植(zhi)行(xing)施(shi)人(ren)高(gao)水(shui)平(ping)氮(dan)肥(fei)會(hui)暫(zan)時(shi)地(di)提(ti)高(gao)土(tu)壤(rang)氮(dan)素(su)有(you)效(xiao)性(xing),采(cai)樣(yang)時(shi)葉(ye)綠(lv)素(su)含(han)量(liang)會(hui)提(ti)高(gao),因(yin)此(ci)需(xu)要(yao)盡(jin)量(liang)多(duo)測(ce)幾(ji)次(ci),取(qu)平(ping)均(jun)值(zhi)。



